India

History

India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area; the most populous country since 2023; and, since its independence in 1947, the world's most populous democracy. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is near Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Myanmar, Thailand, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago. Their long occupation, predominantly in isolation as hunter-gatherers, has made the region highly diverse. Settled life emerged on the subcontinent in the western margins of the Indus river basin 9,000 years ago, evolving gradually into the Indus Valley Civilisation of the third millennium BCE. By 1200 BCE, an archaic form of Sanskrit, an Indo-European language, had diffused into India from the northwest. Its hymns recorded the early dawnings of Hinduism in India. India's pre... Summary adapted from the English Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). The live article includes citations, maps, and updates.

Colors

Saffron, White, Green, Blue

Saffron represents courage and sacrifice; white truth and peace; green faith and chivalry; the blue Ashoka Chakra represents the eternal wheel of law.

Symbols

Ashoka Chakra — a 24-spoke navy blue wheel

The Chakra derives from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. Its 24 spokes represent 24 hours of the day, symbolising that the wheel of dharma turns always.